土地利用冲突权衡的理论与方法   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杨永芳  刘玉振  朱连奇 《地域研究与开发》2012,31(5)

在对已有文献分析的基础上,提出土地利用冲突的权衡理论基础、框架和模型方法.利用数理模型方法,建立区域土地生态系统的功能价值评估体系,分析、评估不同尺度土地生态系统的功能及其价值水平,构建基于遗传算法的土地利用数量结构模型,获取区域土地利用数量结构的Pareto解集,并根据利益相关者的意愿和偏好做出权衡,确定解决土地利用冲突的有效方案,为缓解冲突并尽可能减少冲突提供一定的参考依据.  相似文献   

中国畜禽养殖的空间分析及分区研究(英文)   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

付强  诸云强  孔云峰  孙九林 《地理学报(英文版)》2012,22(6):1079-1100

The capacity of livestock breeding in China has increased rapidly since 1949, and the total output of meat, poultry and eggs maintains the world’s top first in recent 20 years. Livestock emissions and pollution is closely associated with its population and spatial distribution. This paper aims to investigate the spatial patterns of livestock and poultry breeding in China. Using statistical yearbook and agricultural survey in 2007, the county-level populations of livestock and poultry are estimated as equivalent standardized pig index (ESP), per cultivated land pig index (PCLP) and per capita pig index (PCP). With the help of spatial data analysis (ESDA) tools in Geoda and ArcGIS software, especially the Moran’s I and LISA statistics, the nationwide global and local clustering trends of the three indicators are examined respectively. The Moran’s I and LISA analysis shows that ESP and PCP are significantly clustering both globally and locally. However, PCLP is clustering locally but not significant globally. Furthermore, the thematic map series (TMS) and related gravity centers curve (GCC) are introduced to explore the spatial patterns of livestock and poultry in China. The indicators are classified into 16 levels, and the GCCs for the three indicators from level 1 to 16 are discussed in detail. For districting purpose, each interval between gravity centers of near levels for all the three indicators is calculated, and the districting types of each indicator are obtained by merging adjacent levels. The districting analysis for the three indicators shows that there exists a potential uniform districting scheme for China’s livestock and poultry breeding. As a result, the China’s livestock and poultry breeding would be classified into eight types: extremely sparse region, sparse region, relatively sparse region, normally sparse region, normal region, relatively concentrated region, concentrated region and highly concentrated region. It is also found that there exists a clear demarcation line between the concentrated and the sparse regions. The line starts from the county boundary between Xin Barag Left Banner and Xin Barag Right Banner, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to the west coast of Dongfang County, Hainan Province.  相似文献   

1960-2009年横断山区潜在蒸发量时空变化(英文)     

朱国锋  何元庆  蒲焘  王旭峰  贾文雄  李宗省  辛惠娟 《地理学报(英文版)》2012,22(1):71-85

Based on the meteorological data of 20 stations in the Hengduan Mountains region during 1961-2009, the annual and seasonal variation of potential evapotranspiration was analyzed in combination with the Penman-Monteith model. With the method of Spline interpolation under ArcGIS, the spatial distribution of potential evapotranspiration was presented to research the regional difference, and the correlation analysis was used to discuss the dominant factor affecting the potential evapotranspiration. The results indicated that the an-nual potential evapotranspiration showed a decreasing tendency since the 1960s, especially from the 1980s to 1990s, while it showed an increasing tendency since 2000. Regional potential evapotranspiration showed a rate of -0.17 mm a?1. Potential evapotranspiration in north, middle and south of the Hengduan Mountains exhibited decreasing trends over the studied period, and its regional trend was on the decline from southwest to northeast.  相似文献   

Subarea characteristics of the long-range correlations and the index χ for daily temperature records over China     

Lei Jiang  Naiming Yuan  Zuntao Fu  Dongxiao Wang  Xia Zhao  Xiuhua Zhu 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2012,109(1-2):261-270

Daily temperature records including daily minimum, maximum, and average temperature from 190 meteorological stations over China during 1951–2000 are analyzed from two perspectives: (a) long-term persistence in direction of time varies, and (b) standard deviation in direction of amplitude varies. By employing the detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA), we find all the temperature records are long-term correlated, while the exponent α obtained from DFA varies from different districts of China due to different climate conditions, such as the southwest monsoon, subtropical high, northeast cold vortex, and the Tibetan plateau, etc. After we take the standard deviation into account, a new index χ?=?α?×?σ, which has been proposed recently, can be obtained. By further rescaling it as $ \chi = \overline \chi - {{1} \left/ {5} \right.} \times {\sigma_{{\overline \chi }}} $ , we find an obvious change of χ for these three kinds of time series, from which the whole China can be divided into two groups, which are comparatively consistent with dry/wet distributions in the south–north areas over China.  相似文献   

西藏地区雷暴与大气热源关系研究     

朱克云  孙照渤  张琪  任景轩 《大气科学》2012,36(6):1093-1100

利用1979～2008年NCEP/NCAR全球再分析月平均资料和雷暴记录资料, 运用相关分析和合成分析等方法分别对西藏地区大气热源和雷暴日数的关系以及热源强弱不同时期雷暴日数变化特征进行了分析。结果表明, 大气热源与雷暴日数存在着明显的正相关关系, 月相关系数高达0.86。在雷暴高发区的那曲东部、拉萨、日喀则中部、山南地区东北部和林芝地区西北部, 相关系数均超过了0.4。进一步分析表明, 当大气热源强值年时, 整个日喀则地区、拉萨地区、山南地区、那曲中西部和东部地区以及昌都地区中西部, 雷暴日数是偏多的。当大气热源偏弱时, 雷暴日数在日喀则中部地区减少最为明显, 其次在日喀则南木林县东北部和林芝西北部地区。  相似文献   

开源GIS支持下的气象灾害风险区划分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

朱浩  樊彦国  武腾腾 《气象与环境科学》2012,35(3):33-40

近年来气象灾害频繁发生,给我国人民生活、经济发展带来严重威胁。灾害风险区划分析作为防灾减灾的基础工作,在我国逐渐展开。为探索一种基于开源GIS的县级区域气象灾害风险区划分析技术方案,首先分析开源GIS的发展状况,探讨了开源GIS的质量、性能及应用中需注意的法律因素等,而后以东营市河口区为例,选择QGIS、ILWIS等开源软件,基于区域灾害系统论构建不同气象灾害的分析模型及综合气象灾害分析模型,进行县级区域气象灾害风险区划分析,最终编制实验区气象灾害风险区划分级图。  相似文献   

A numerical method of combined SPF-MEM-LBM on the rockfall-induced surge and its application     

MENG Qiu-jie  SONG Yi-xiang  HUANG Da  HUANG Run-qiu  ZHONG Zhu  HUANG Wen-bo  LIU Yang 《山地科学学报》2022,(1):167-183

Rockfalls in reservoirs are prone to induce surges,posing a severe threat to passing vessels and facilities.A scheme combined Single-phase free-surface method (...  相似文献   

A globally applicable, season-specific model for estimating the weighted mean temperature of the atmosphere   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

YiBin Yao  Shuang Zhu  ShunQiang Yue 《Journal of Geodesy》2012,86(12):1125-1135

In GPS meteorology, the weighted mean temperature is usually obtained by using a linear function of the surface temperature T _s. However, not every GPS station can measure the surface temperature. The current study explores the characteristics of surface temperature and weighted mean temperature based on the global pressure and temperature model (GPT) and the Bevis T _m–T _s relationship (T _m =?a?+?bT _s). A new global weighted mean temperature (GWMT) model has been built which directly uses three-dimensional coordinates and day of the year to calculate the weighted mean temperature. The data of year 2005–2009 from 135 radiosonde stations provided by the Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive were used to calculate the model coefficients, which have been validated through examples. The result shows that the GWMT model is generally better than the existing liner models in most areas according to the statistic indexes (namely, mean absolute error and root mean square). Then we calculated precipitable water vapor, and the result shows that GWMT model can also yield high precision PWV.  相似文献   

模糊Hough变换算法在城市道路提取中的应用     

徐天才  杨敏华  姜柱 《测绘信息与工程》2012,37(3):34-36

采用形态学细化算法,将二值化影像形态学细化之后再进行峰值检测,有效地去除了虚假峰值,提高了道路提取精度及计算效率,为此,利用用模糊Hough变换算法提取遥感影像中的城市道路。试验表明,其方法在计算效率、提取精度以及内存占用方面具有明显优势。  相似文献   

070703天长超级单体龙卷的多普勒雷达典型特征   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9  

刘娟  朱君鉴  魏德斌  宋子忠  卢海  周红根 《气象》2009,35(10):32-39

主要使用南京多普勒天气雷达资料,分析了2007年7月3日发生在安徽天长和江苏高邮的龙卷风天气,着重分析了中气旋和龙卷涡旋特征(TVS)等产品的典型特征.龙卷发生在飑线回波带的北端强烈发展的超级风暴单体中,回波带前沿存在强烈的水平风切变,使得回波带上不断有中气旋生成.对产生龙卷的超级风暴单体,龙卷发生30min前,雷达给出了中气旋(M)产品,该中气旋持续了7个体扫的时间(42min),在中气旋出现后第5个体扫,雷达给出龙卷涡旋特征(TVS)产品,龙卷涡旋特征持续了3个体扫,综合切变产品也给出了显著的提醒.实地调查结果,龙卷风和第2个TVS同时发生,龙卷风位置与TVS位置对应,但位于TVS的南侧,位于中气旋最大风速圈的南缘.虽然CINRAD/SA雷达的TVS产品有虚警的情况,但结合反射率因子、平均径向速度、中气旋、综合切变等产品的分析,对于龙卷监测和预警会很有帮助的.  相似文献